Speech and language practice does not always require flashcards, worksheets, or a formal therapy table.
A board game can become articulation practice. A picture book can support vocabulary and sentence development. Cooking can be used for sequencing and following directions. A pretend store can generate requests, descriptions, questions, and conversation. Even a basket of laundry can become a phonological-awareness activity.
What determines whether an activity is useful is not how “therapeutic” it looks.
It is whether the activity creates repeated opportunities to practice the specific communication skill the child is working on.
That distinction is important. Speech-language therapy can address very different areas: speech-sound production, vocabulary, grammar, receptive language, storytelling, phonological awareness, social communication, fluency, or augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). A game that works well for one goal may have little relevance to another.
Research supports the use of caregiver-implemented and naturalistic language strategies when parents have been taught how to use them. A large systematic review and meta-analysis of 76 studies involving 5,848 children found that parent training was associated with improvements in children's language, communication, and engagement, as well as substantial increases in parents' use of language-support strategies.
A separate meta-analysis found positive effects of parent-implemented intervention on expressive vocabulary, with particularly useful effects reported for play- and routine-based intervention and shared book reading.
For children working on speech sounds, home practice may also extend therapy, but the target and practice method should come from the child's speech-language pathologist. Research on speech sound disorders indicates that intervention intensity can influence outcomes, while reviews of parent involvement emphasize that families need clear instruction about what to practice and how to practice it.
The goal, then, is not to turn every family activity into therapy.
It is to recognize where communication practice already fits naturally.
Choose the Game Based on the Communication Goal
Before selecting an activity, decide what you are trying to practice.
| Goal | Activities That Fit Well |
|---|---|
| Articulation / speech sounds | Board games, scavenger hunts, cooking with target words, picture searches |
| Vocabulary | I Spy, categories, books, guessing games, cooking, gardening |
| Following directions | Treasure hunts, Simon Says, cooking, building activities |
| Grammar / sentence development | Story games, picture description, pretend play, expansions |
| Narrative language | Story cubes, photo stories, build-a-story games, retelling |
| Phonological awareness | Rhyming, syllable games, sound sorting, beginning-sound games |
| Social communication | Pretend play, role play, cooperative games, conversation games |
| Word retrieval / description | Guess Who?, Pictionary-style games, category games, I Spy |
| AAC communication | Any activity in which the child's AAC system is available and modeled |
The same game can often be modified for several goals, but the task should remain tied to the target.
A child practicing /s/ does not benefit simply because they played Candy Land while an adult occasionally reminded them to “use a good /s/.” The game becomes useful when it creates planned opportunities to practice appropriately selected /s/ words at the level the child is currently working on.
Similarly, sorting clothing by beginning sound may support phonological awareness, but it is not automatically an articulation exercise.
1. Turn a Board Game Into Speech-Sound Practice
Classic board games are some of the easiest therapy materials because the game itself provides motivation, turn-taking, and a natural pause between practice opportunities.
Candy Land, Chutes and Ladders, Connect Four, Jenga, Pop the Pig, Don't Break the Ice, or almost any simple turn-based game can work.
The important part is deciding what happens before each turn.
If a child is practicing /k/ at the word level, place several target words nearby:
cat, key, cow, cookie, back, bike
The child practices one or more words before taking a turn.
If therapy has progressed to sentences, the same game might require a short sentence:
- “The cat is sleeping.”
- “I found the key.”
- “The cookie broke.”
Speech-sound treatment often progresses from easier contexts toward increasingly complex speech. ASHA describes treatment approaches in which practice may move through syllables, words, phrases, self-generated sentences, and more varied speaking contexts.
The game does not determine that progression.
The child's treatment plan does.
A caution for parents
If your child is already seeing an SLP for articulation, phonological disorder, or childhood apraxia of speech, use the targets and cues provided by the clinician.
Speech sound disorders are not all treated the same way. ASHA describes multiple evidence-based approaches, including minimal pairs, multiple oppositions, cycles, speech motor chaining, core vocabulary, integrated phonological awareness, and others. Treatment selection depends on the child's error pattern, age, severity, intelligibility, and other factors.
A generic “practice this sound 20 times” activity is therefore not appropriate for every child.
2. Try a Speech and Language Scavenger Hunt
A virtual treasure hunt can be useful, but the activity does not need to be digital.
A scavenger hunt can target several communication domains depending on how the clues are written.
For following directions
Try:
- “Find something that you wear on your feet and put it beside the door.”
- “Bring me something red, then find something that is used for eating.”
The child has to understand vocabulary, attributes, location concepts, and the sequence of the instruction.
For vocabulary and concepts
Use clues based on categories and functions:
- “Find something we use to clean.”
- “Find an animal.”
- “Find something that is soft.”
- “Find something that can roll.”
For articulation
Search specifically for items or pictures containing the child's target sound.
For /s/, for example:
sock, soap, spoon, cereal, pencil
The SLP can determine whether the child should practice the sound in isolation, words, phrases, or sentences.
For older children
Make the clues inferential:
- “Find something we would need if the lights went out.”
- “Find something that can measure something but is not a ruler.”
Now the task requires reasoning and language formulation rather than simple naming.
3. Use Cooking for Following Directions, Vocabulary, and Sequencing
Cooking is a strong activity because it contains real language with a real outcome.
A simple recipe naturally introduces action words:
pour, mix, slice, spread, stir, measure, peel, scoop
It also introduces concepts such as:
before, after, first, next, half, more, less, inside, on top
A child can follow a direction: “Put the strawberries in the bowl and then add the yogurt.”
Later, ask:
- “What did we do first?”
- “What did we do after we cut the banana?”
- “Tell Dad how we made it.”
Now one cooking activity has moved from receptive language into sequencing and narrative language.
Using cooking for articulation
An “Articulation Cooking Class” can also work, but the recipe should be selected around the child's actual target rather than expecting every ingredient to provide useful articulation practice.
A child practicing /k/ might use words such as:
cup, cookie, cake, cut, cook
A child practicing /s/ may work with:
slice, stir, salt, sauce, mix
The SLP should determine which word positions and difficulty levels are appropriate.
4. Build a Story One Piece at a Time
Build-A-Story Blocks are particularly useful for narrative language.
You do not need special blocks. Use:
- toy figures;
- picture cards;
- Story Cubes;
- magazine pictures;
- objects from around the house; or
- drawings on small pieces of paper.
Choose three categories:
character, place, problem or action
For example:
dog + playground + lost
The child now has the basis of a story.
Instead of asking only: “Tell me a story.”
provide a simple structure:
- “Who is the story about?”
- “Where are they?”
- “What happened?”
- “What did they do next?”
- “How did it end?”
ASHA identifies narrative intervention as an established language-treatment approach. Narrative therapy may target providing enough context for a listener, organizing events according to story structure, and using increasingly complex language to connect events.
Story games are therefore useful not simply because children are “using their imagination.”
They provide repeated practice with sequencing, vocabulary, grammar, causal language, perspective, and organization.
5. Play “Guess What I Am?” for Vocabulary and Word Retrieval
Games such as Guess Who?, I Spy, Pictionary-style guessing, and homemade “What Am I?” games are useful for teaching children how to describe rather than immediately name.
Place a familiar object or picture where only one player can see it.
Instead of saying the word, give clues.
For a banana:
- “It is a fruit.”
- “It is yellow.”
- “You peel it.”
- “A monkey might eat it.”
Then let the child give the clues.
This requires the child to access several kinds of semantic information:
category, appearance, function, parts, location, associations
For children with vocabulary or word-retrieval difficulties, strengthening connections among these features can be part of language intervention.
ASHA describes semantic intervention as including vocabulary development, word relationships, categories, attributes, and other aspects of word knowledge.
Make it harder
Instead of concrete nouns, use:
frustrated, enormous, fragile, predict, vehicle
The child has to explain the concept without using the target word.
6. Read a Book as a Conversation
Reading aloud is one of the best-supported activities in this article.
A 2020 systematic review and meta-analysis examined 19 randomized controlled trials involving 2,594 children ages 1–6. Shared picture-book interventions produced small positive effects on expressive and receptive language and a large effect on caregivers' interactive book-reading skills.
Another meta-analysis found that parent training using shared book reading and play/routine-based language intervention produced positive effects on expressive vocabulary.
But simply reading the words on the page is only one way to use a book.
ASHA describes interactive reading strategies such as making predictions, explaining unfamiliar words, asking open-ended questions, discussing characters, and connecting story events with children's own experiences.
For example:
- “Why do you think he is hiding?”
- “What do you think will happen next?”
- “She looks disappointed. What happened?”
- “Have you ever been somewhere like this?”
- “What does enormous mean?”
The exact questions should match the child's language level.
For a toddler, pointing and naming may be enough.
For a preschooler, use actions and simple wh- questions.
For an older child, discuss causes, predictions, character motivations, and unfamiliar vocabulary.
Don't quiz every page
Interactive reading should remain reading.
One randomized trial found that teaching caregivers more interactive reading behaviors successfully changed how they read, but did not produce language gains beyond an active shared-reading comparison condition during the six-week study.
That result is useful because it prevents us from turning “dialogic reading” into a formula in which more questions must always be better.
Conversation, engagement, repetition, vocabulary exposure, and the child's level all contribute.
7. Expand What Your Child Says During Play
One of the easiest speech-language strategies requires no game at all.
Follow what your child is already doing and add language.
Child: “Dog run.”
Adult: “The dog is running.”
Child: “Big tower.”
Adult: “You built a really tall tower.”
Child: “Baby eat.”
Adult: “The baby is eating her lunch.”
This technique is called an expansion. ASHA describes expansions as repeating a child's message while adding grammatical or semantic information. A related technique, a recast, changes the structure of the child's utterance while preserving its basic meaning.
You do not need to say: “No, say it like this.”
The adult provides a slightly more advanced model and continues the interaction.
A 2025 systematic review of parental input in children with or suspected of having developmental language disorder found that responsive, interactive features of parent-child communication were positively associated with language outcomes, whereas the sheer quantity of adult language was not consistently associated with better outcomes.
In other words, talking with a child is more useful than trying to maximize the number of words spoken at them.
8. Use Focused Stimulation During a Favorite Game
Focused stimulation is another established language-treatment technique that transfers easily into play.
The adult intentionally uses a target language form many times in a natural activity without requiring the child to repeat every model. ASHA describes this as providing a high concentration of the target form within a functional context.
Suppose the target is is + verb-ing.
While playing with animals:
- “The horse is running.”
- “The pig is sleeping.”
- “The cow is eating.”
- “The duck is swimming.”
If the target is under:
- “The bear is under the table.”
- “Let's hide the car under the chair.”
- “Uh-oh. Your shoe is under the couch.”
The child is hearing the target repeatedly, but the interaction remains focused on play.
This is quite different from randomly trying to “work on language” during a game.
The adult has selected a specific language target and created multiple natural examples.
9. Play Syllable Hopscotch
Syllable Hopscotch belongs under phonological awareness, not articulation.
Draw or place numbers on the floor:
1 — 2 — 3 — 4
Say a word.
The child identifies the number of syllables and jumps to the appropriate number.
cat → 1, apple → 2, banana → 3, alligator → 4
You can also clap or tap the syllables:
ba-na-na
Why this is different from speech practice
Phonological awareness is the ability to think about and manipulate the sound structure of words. The child is thinking about how a word is built from sounds or syllables, not necessarily learning how to physically produce a particular speech sound.
ASHA's description of integrated phonological-awareness treatment includes rhyme, phoneme identification, segmentation, blending, manipulation, and connecting speech sounds with print.
Research with children who had spoken-language impairment and early reading delay found that integrated phonological-awareness intervention produced larger gains in phonological awareness and reading than traditional speech-language intervention in that study, with additional improvements in articulation.
10. Turn Laundry Into a Sound-Sorting Game
A Sound-Sorting Laundry Day can work well when it is labeled accurately.
Instead of sorting clothing by color, sort it by sound.
For younger children, use syllables:
sock — 1 syllable, T-shirt — 2 syllables, pajamas — 3 syllables
For beginning sounds:
sock /s/, shirt /sh/, pants /p/
Ask: “Which two start with the same sound?”
Or deliberately make an error: “Sock and hat start with the same sound.”
The child decides whether you are correct.
This is sound awareness, not necessarily speech production.
A child who cannot pronounce /s/ accurately can still sometimes identify that sock and sun begin with the same sound.


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